Abstract. The backward Rayleigh and stimulated Raman scattering of powerful laser radiation in single mode and mullimode optical fibers and cables was studied. The experimental setup used in this work was realised on the basis of a single mode pulse Nd³⁺:YAG laser and a beam splitter device with a high effective reflective power in a wide spectral range. The experimental results were used to find the length, attenuation and the special distribution of the inhomogeneities in the optical fibers and cables. The studies were carried out by probing with single laser pulses and using a simple recordig system.

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